Gambling is the act of risking something of value (money, goods or services) on a random event with the hope of winning something of greater value. It is a type of addiction that can have long-term financial, emotional and psychological impacts on the gambler, their family, friends and community.

In order to understand gambling and how it works, it is useful to think about the process of risk-taking. The process of weighing up the pros and cons of an action is called a cost-benefit analysis. This process is an important part of any decision-making, and is often used in areas such as insurance, medicine, work and play.

The way in which people gamble can be influenced by the environment, their community, their beliefs and attitudes, and their mental health. Certain conditions such as depression and anxiety are linked to harmful gambling behaviour, and many people who gamble have other health problems such as alcohol misuse or eating disorders.

Understanding the factors that can influence gambling behaviour can help to understand why some people become addicted and how to support them. There are four main reasons why people gamble: for social reasons, for the chance of winning money, as an entertainment activity and as a form of coping.

For those with a mental health condition, harmful gambling can be particularly difficult to stop, but there is support available. If you have a mental health problem and are concerned about the impact of your gambling, or that of someone you know, contact StepChange for free debt advice.

While some people enjoy the thrill of taking a chance and winning money, others find it very hard to control their gambling and may end up spending more than they can afford to lose. This is known as compulsive gambling, and can lead to other forms of addiction such as alcohol and drugs, and also create serious financial problems for those who are unable to keep up with their debts.

People who have a problem with gambling can be reluctant to admit they have a problem, or may even try to hide their addiction from their friends and family. They can also become defensive about their gambling and try to explain why they are doing it, which can make it harder to offer them help. In severe cases, a person with a gambling problem can become depressed or suicidal and could even attempt to commit suicide.

There is no universally agreed upon definition of gambling harm, and the current landscape for research into gambling uses inadequate proxy measures that limit our understanding of harm. This limitation is a significant barrier to efforts to address gambling harm from a public health perspective. Until there is a more clear and inclusive definition of harm, gambling-related issues will continue to impact on individuals, families and communities.